The chorus refers to Romeo and Juliet as star-crossed lovers. Do you agree with this view Essay Example

The chorus refers to Romeo and Juliet as star-crossed lovers. Do you agree with this view Essay The play Romeo and Juliet begins with a prolonged outlining of the plot and ending of the play very blatantly. This is very unusual way to start a play by modern standards but in Shakespeares era starting a play in this way was not uncommon and was used very effectively. The prologue outlines the whole play in fourteen short lines. Informing the readers of the feud between the families and the situations of Romeo and Juliet and their fate.In the opening passage Romeo and Juliet are described as star-crossed lovers, this means they are doomed to failure or ill fated. The nature of the conflict is also reviewed in this chorus using simple descriptive terms; ancient grudge simply reveals the timescale of the problems between the families; fatal loins shows in a very graphic way how the feud is revolved around parents and which family people are born into, nothing else is considered.This chorus summarises the whole play in five lines, although it is very hard to write a successful play w hen the outcome is told at the beginning Shakespeare manages to keep the audience interested throughout even though they are informed of how the play ends before it even starts. This approach towards the start of a play showed to audiences that they were going to witness a tragedy, society in the time of Shakespeare loved destruction and unhappy endings. Notice the last word of this quotation, Shakespeare shows discreetly how strong the bond is between the two lovers; he says they are one life.Where civil blood makes civil hands unclean.This line shows obviously and simply that both families are from the same town but it is also implied in using the same word to describe the families that they are equals.Throughout the play, which takes place over only a few days, the two lovers meet, fall in love, marry in secret and die so that they can be with each other. The two die to be together because they belong to feuding families who would never let them see each other. There are many Thi ngs against the pair that make them doomed; all they have is their love of each other, and two people who understand their love and want to see them happy. The only people who see beyond the conflict and see the two as individuals instead of members of two different families.One of the major factors going against them is the long-lived feud between there two families.Romeo, the love I bear thee can affordno better term than this thou art a villain.This quotation is an example of the conflict between the families, Tybalt makes this statement to Romeo simply because Romeo and some of the other Montagues attended a Capulet party. The families hatred of each other has been passed down for so long that no one knows how the feud started, all that is known is that it exists and is very evident in the Verona society, this plays a big part in the failure of Romeo and Juliets attempt to live happily together in the midst of all this discomfort. The language in this quotation is very clever a s it states that even when Tybalt tries to love Romeo and find good in him the best description he can conjure is that of Romeo being a villain.Another problem faced by Romeo and Juliet is the attempts of their parents to arrange eligible matches for them, Juliet is arranged to marry Paris after she has secretly married Romeo, this is what causes her to fake her won death in order to be with her one true love. Montague and Lady Montague are expecting a relationship between Romeo and Rosaline. Society expects them to marry this variety of people associated with there own families and because the pair are both members of such powerful families it is hard for them to shake off these expectations.The gallant, young, and noble gentleman,The county Paris, at St Peters church,Shall happily make thee a joyful bride.The above quotation is the revelation of one of Romeo and Juliets greatest problems, the threat of being forced to commit bigamy moves closer to Juliet putting more pressure on h er to make a decision than in any previous point in the play. What seems unusual when comparing marriage arrangements to today is that Juliet is not asked of her opinion on marrying Paris, she is told and not allowed to think for herself, she will be a joyful bride whether she likes it or not.A problem facing the pair they brought on themselves is the secretiveness. Their relationship can never proceed well if it is all undercover of the outside world and both Romeos and Juliets families. The only people they have to confide in are the nurse and Friar Lawrence. And even these two people cannot both be trusted, in Scene Five she attempts to persuade Juliet into committing bigamy and marrying Paris.O hes a lovely gentleman.Romeos a dishclout to him;In this quotation the nurse is very insensitive towards Juliet, criticising her husband and comparing him to another man. In Juliets eyes no man alive compares to her Romeo, the nurse does not see how strong this bond is and so thinks Julie t should ignore it and get on with her life as a Capulet while Romeo is banished and heartbroken. Another side to the nurse is seen in this scene, an insensitive side that sees things in a very shallow way. She does not see the power of their love and how it must overcome all obstacles to succeed, even if death is one of these obstacles, it must be tackled. Being betrayed by one of her few trustworthy friends must be very emotionally crippling for Juliet.Another problem facing the couple of which is totally their own fault is their foolishness. They are young, in love and irrational; evidence of this is presented when Romeo kills Tybalt. It jeopardized his whole life and was partly responsible for suicide of the lovers. Although the argument that Romeo committed this deed in a fit of rage at the killing of his best friends is a valid one, he does have time to contemplate his reaction to his friends murder. He decides to chase Tybalt and slay him, this is a very unintelligent decisio n. It does no bring back his friend, it threatens his life and his marriage, banishment should be considered as lucky.This but begins the woe others must end.In this quotation Romeo makes clear he will not let Tybalt go, he will take the law into his own hands. He is foolish because there were many witnesses to the murder and Tybalt would have been punished heavily for his deeds. They feel there love is strong enough to overcome anything that stands in their way; they are overconfident and thus irrational.I imagine that this would be a very powerful scene in the play, with an extremely calm serious tone coming from Romeo, contrasted with the shouts and panic of the crowd nursing to the body of Romeos best friend.The power of their love is also shown when Romeo slays Tybalt in Act Three; even in the murder of her cousin Juliet does not even consider saying a bad word about her husband. She loves him so much she simply mourns the death of her cousin pinning no blame on Romeo,My deares t cousin, and my dearer lord?The quotation above uses comparative language to show the reader how greatly Juliet regard her lover, even when he murders her dearest cousin he is still placed higher in her heart. Although she still regards him highly and does not reconsider her love for Juliet she does sense the scale of what he has done.Beautiful tyrant, fiend angelical,This quotation shows how through his fault she can still see the good in Romeo, this use of positive and negative together really emphasizes how the killer is viewed in Juliets heart, notice that the positive thought is left until the end, leaving it fresh in the mind. This quotation would have been acted out very emotionally to get the right message across, Juliet would be saying this very loud and suggestively, as if trying to contact help from God.Coincidence also plays a deciding role in the fate of the pair, although it seems like a small incident and is not accounted for greatly in the text; the failure of the m essenger reaching Romeo in Mantua is the sole reason for him killing himself when he sees Juliet in her state of unreal death. The whole play would have turned differently if this had not occurred. The coincidence in the play is presented in a very subtle way probably designed for the audience member not even to note its significance.Juliets feelings of inescapability are shown through in Act three Scene five when she is forced to marry Paris, she knows she has no way of escaping her parents and so she tells them she will take her won life if this wedding is not at least postponed. This though does not discourage her father from making the arrangements.Delay this marriage for a month, a weekOr if you do not, make the bridal bedIn that dim monument where Tybalt lies.The language of this quotation is very strong and precise, it shows that Juliet is not bluffing to her father, she will commit this act if forced to marry, is also shows that on top of her love problems she is still mourn ing her cousin Tybalt. The fact that the pair are born into hatred also adds to the sense of inescapability, they cannot escape there family history, they are born into hatred.Romeo and Juliets situation could have probably been avoided if only they knew the family backgrounds of one another before they fell in love. If it were not love at first sight they would have been sensible enough to move on in life and forget about each other.The main culprit for them being star-crossed and doomed in that of fate. However hard they try to make there marriage work it never can, something always goes wrong; they have no control over there lives. This makes all the other evidence seem irrelevant but this evidence is the work of fate in the play. This is how everything goes wrong for the two and they fail to succeed.After reviewing all the evidence I have come to the obvious conclusion that yes, the chorus is right to state them as star crossed lovers, all they have in there favour is love and f riendship. Everyone bar two people and everything is against them, they cannot do anything right and they end up taking there own lives to be together.Some good does come from these deaths though, it makes the families see how petty this feud is and it brings peace into Verona after hundreds of years of conflict. The two lovers are martyrs to the family Capulet and Montague; they must die to keep the peace.

Goldinis Play essays

Goldinis Play essays On Friday, June 1, 2001 we had the pleasure of seeing Carlo Goldinis, A Servant To Two Masters, at the Dock Street Theatre. By now we were used to seeing performances at the Dock Street Theatre and I had experienced several different types of performances. However, this performance was nothing like I had expected. I knew we were going to see a play, but for some reason I had in my mind that I was going to see a musical or something silly. I knew from the very first moment that I was going to like this play. The main character Tuffaldino, played by Jason Watkins was absolutely hilarious. Since I have never seen this play before or anyone in the play I cannot picture anyone else performing better than Watkins. He was the highlight of the entire play. The plot was quite simple and basic, however the play did not seem basic at all. Truffaldino is quite simply caught between a rock and a hard place. He needs money and is starving therefore he takes on the role of loyal servant for two masters. That does not sound too hard, however the task becomes more difficult when it is revealed that his two masters actually used to be lovers. Truffaldino has to juggle himself between the two masters and also find time to fall in love with the maid, Smeraldina. If this doesnt sound confusing enough, remember that one of the men in the play was actually a woman and there are three main love stories. Along with Truffaldinos continuous balancing act between masters, came his interaction with the audience. At one point in the play, the action leaves the stage and is continued into the first row. If this was not enough to get the audience roaring with laughter, references to Monica Lewinsky and the Beatles were made. Watkins could not have played his part any better, I was at the edge of my seat waiting to see what he was going to say or do next. I also loved the way the stage was changed from scene to scene. ...

Azerbaijan Essay Example for Free

Azerbaijan Essay The country was among the birthplaces of mankind and is located at the heart of ancient civilizations. Furthermore the country is known to be among the most progressive and secular Islamic societies. Aside from having been the first Muslim country to have operas, theater plays, and a democratic republic, Azerbaijan today is among the Muslim countries where support for secularism and tolerance is the highest. The Azerbaijan Democratic Republic, the first democratic and secular republic in the Muslim world, was established in 1918, but was incorporated into the Soviet Union in 1920. Azerbaijan regained independence in 1991. The Constitution of Azerbaijan does not declare an official religion but the majority of people adhere to the Shia branch of Islam, although Muslim identity tends to be based more on culture and ethnicity rather than religion and Azerbaijan remains as one of the most liberal majority-Muslim nations. The pre-Turkic Azerbaijani population spoke an Iranian language called the Old Azeri language, which was gradually replaced by a Turkic language, now known as the Azerbaijani language from the 11th century onward until it became completely extinct in the 16th century. To distinguish it from the Turkic Azerbaijani or Azeri language, this Iranian language, is designated as the Azeri language (or Old Azeri language), because the Turkic language and people are also designated as â€Å"Azeri† in the Persian language. Azerbaijan is in the South Caucasus region of Eurasia, straddling Western Asia and Eastern Europe. It lies between latitudes 38 ° and 42 ° N, and longitudes 44 ° and 51 ° E. The total length of Azerbaijan’s land borders is 2,648 km (1,645 mi), of which 1007 kilometers are with Armenia, 756 kilometers with Iran, 480 kilometers with Georgia, 390 kilometers with Russia and 15 kilometers with Turkey. The coastline stretches for 800 km (497 mi), and the length of the widest area of the Azerbaijani section of the Caspian Sea is 456 km (283 mi). The territory of Azerbaijan extends 400 km (249 mi) from north to south, and 500 km (311 mi) from west to east. Three physical features dominate Azerbaijan: the Caspian Sea, whose shoreline forms a natural boundary to the east; the Greater Caucasus mountain range to the north; and the extensive flatlands at the country’s center. There are also three mountain ranges, the Greater and Lesser Caucasus, and the Talysh Mountains, together covering approximately 40 percent of the country. The main water sources are the surface waters. However, only 24 of the 8,350 rivers are greater than 100 km (62 mi) in length. All the rivers drain into the Caspian Sea in the east of the country. Since the independence of Azerbaijan in 1991, the Azerbaijani government has taken drastic measures to preserve the environment of Azerbaijan. But national protection of the environment started to truly improve after 2001 when the state budget increased due to new revenues provided by the Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan pipeline. Within four years protected areas doubled and now make up eight percent of the country’s territory. Since 2001 the government has set up seven large reserves and almost doubled the sector of the budget earmarked for environmental protection. Azerbaijan’s diverse landscape affects the ways air masses enter the country. The Greater Caucasus protects the country from direct influences of cold air masses coming from the north. That leads to the formation of subtropical climate on most foothills and plains of the country. Meanwhile, plains and foothills are characterized by high solar radiation rates. Rivers and lakes form the principal part of the water systems of Azerbaijan; they were formed over a long geological timeframe and changed significantly throughout that period. This is particularly evidenced by fragments of ancient rivers found throughout the country. The country’s water systems are continually changing under the influence of natural forces and human introduced industrial activities. Artificial rivers (canals) and ponds are a part of Azerbaijan’s water systems. From the water supply point, Azerbaijan is below the average in the world with approximately 100,000 m? year of water per km?. The first reports on the richness and diversity of animal life in Azerbaijan can be found in travel notes of Eastern travelers. Animal carvings on architectural monuments, ancient rocks and stones survived up to the present times. The first information on the animal kingdom of Azerbaijan was collected during the visits of naturalists to Azerbaijan in 17th century. Unlike fauna, the concept of animal kingdom covers not only the types of animals, but also the number of individual species. There are 106 species of mammals, 97 species of fish, 363 species of birds, 10 species of amphibians and 52 species of reptiles which have been recorded and classified in Azerbaijan. The national animal of Azerbaijan is the Karabakh horse, a mountain-steppe racing and riding horse endemic to Azerbaijan. The Karabakh horse has a reputation for its good temper, speed, elegance and intelligence. It is one of the oldest breeds, with ancestry dating to the ancient world. Azerbaijan’s vegetation consists of more than 4,500 species of higher plants. Due the unique climate in Azerbaijan, the vegetation is much richer in the number of species than the flora of the other republics of the South Caucasus. Azerbaijan is divided into 10 economic regions; 66 rayons and 77 cities of which 11 are under the direct authority of the republic. Also, Azerbaijan includes the Autonomous Republic of Nakhchivan. The President of Azerbaijan appoints the governors of these units, while the government of Nakhchivan is elected and approved by the parliament of Nakhchivan Self-ruling Republic. Tourism is an important part of the economy of Azerbaijan. The country’s large abundance of natural and cultural attractions make it an attractive destination of visitors. The country was a well-known tourist spot in the 1980s; yet, the Nagorno-Karabakh War during the 1990s crippled the tourist industry and damaged the image of Azerbaijan as a tourist destination. It was not until 2000s that the tourism industry began to recover, and the country has since experienced a high rate of growth in the number of tourist visits and overnight stays. In the recent years, Azerbaijan has also becoming a popular destination for religious, spa, and health care tourism. Around 95 percent of the populations are Muslims. 85% of the Muslims are Shia Muslims and 15% Sunni Muslims, and the Republic of Azerbaijan has the Second highest Shia population percentage after Iran. There are some other faiths practiced among the different ethnic groups within the country. By article 48 of its Constitution, Azerbaijan is a secular state and ensures religious freedom. Of the nation’s religious minorities, Christians are mostly Russian and Georgian Orthodox and Armenian Apostolic (almost all Armenians live in the break-away region of Nagorno-Karabakh). The culture of Azerbaijan has developed as a result of many influences. Today, Western influences, including globalized consumer culture, are strong. National traditions are well preserved in the country. Some of the main elements of the Azerbaijani culture are: music, literature, folk dances and art, cuisine, architecture, cinematography and Novruz Bayram. The latter is the traditional celebration of the ancient New Year. Novruz is a family holiday. The traditional cuisine is famous for richness of vegetables and greens used seasonally in the dishes. Fresh herbs, including mint, dill, basil, parsley, tarragon, leeks, chives, thyme, marjoram, green onion, and watercress, are very popular and often accompany main dishes on the table. Climatic diversity and fertility of the land are reflected in the national dishes, which are based on fish from the Caspian Sea, local meat (mainly mutton and beef), and an abundance of seasonal vegetables and greens. Saffron-rice ploy is the flagship food in Azerbaijan and black tea is the national beverage. Azerbaijan–Turkey relations have always been strong with the two often being described as â€Å"one nation with two states† by the ex-president of Azerbaijan Abulfaz Elchibey due to a common culture and history, and the mutual intelligibility of Turkish and Azerbaijani. Turkey has been a staunch supporter of Azerbaijan in its efforts to consolidate its independence, preserve its territorial integrity and realize its economic potential arising from the rich natural resources of the Caspian Sea. The countries share a short border, with the Aras River separating Turkey from the Nakhchivan exclave for just a few kilometers. Today, the relationship with Azerbaijan represents the â€Å"most important bilateral partnership† in current Turkish foreign policy while Azerbaijani foreign policy affirms its relationship with Turkey as one of its most enduring bilateral relationships, as evidenced in aligned political affairs, mutual cooperation in the areas of trade, commerce, finance, technology, academics, as well as the arts and sciences; the sharing of government and military intelligence, and joint combat operations and peace keeping missions carried out between Azerbaijani Armed Forces and Turkish Armed Forces. Azerbaijan. (2018, Oct 26).

Descartes First Meditation paper and Moore's Certainty paper Essay

Descartes First Meditation paper and Moore's Certainty paper - Essay Example Descartes work was centered on the issues that challenge one’s ability to be certain about something. His path to establish certainty begins a state of doubt. It is this doubt that prompts him to choose to demolish all the knowledge he had in the past (Descartes 87). He will then start afresh through testing the validity of things before being certain of their existence. He searches to establish a foundation of philosophy that cannot be shaken. This is because much of the knowledge he obtained in the past was through senses that at times are deceptive. In this he highlights, it is somehow difficult to distinguish when one is asleep and when awake. He majors on meditation, which is regarded as a philosophical classic. However, he provocatively pursues the issues to do with these important matters. Provocatively, Moore challenges the argument concerning ones inability to know whether he is dreaming. In the logical inversion of Descartes argument, Moore argues that, if one knows not that he is dreaming, one knows not that he standing. Additionally, people is unsure of his standing and realize that he is not hallucinating, (Moore 30). This is logical since one can only dream when asleep. Additionally, one can be dreaming or think he is standing and in actual sense, he is standing. This is the only case where dreaming and thinking to standing and standing at the same time is consistent. Moore’s concern on external world’s existence is evident. Given the reality, it is impractical to prove its existence. According to him, so many oppositions can, be used to prove the existence of the external world. In his illustration to demonstrate the fact about the existence of the world, he uses his hands. For instance, when he holds up his hands, it is certain that he is holding up his hands. The conclusion from the above illustration shows it is true that he has hands. If it has truth in it, more illustrations are also true. About external world issue, similar proofs can be used to tell the existence of it (Kim and Sosa 30). While Descartes says that dreams have taken place, he not sure he is dreaming. This is to mean that he does not know that the dreaming has taken place. In evaluating Descartes ides, â€Å"doubt† and â€Å"thinking† brings inconsistency the ideas. Descartes is unsure of his existence, although he thinks he does. The reason validating his doubt is that he may be dreaming or is being deceived by a demon that he exists. The reason for him to think he exists is th at he is only thinking without any objective proof of his existence. The proof about his existence is only subjective. He is unable to convince others of his existence, (Moore 34). Descartes argument has weaknesses and strengthens. He says that all things he knew as truth in his childhood have been falsehoods. This is a weak argument because; lack of proof cannot guarantee one to assume it is false. He later justifies his attempt to ruin that entire truth he had known over years and started afresh. He wanted something that had a strong foundation that did not rest on mere assumptions and feelings (Descartes 87). This is quite right to be passionate to do away with former opinions unless tested to be true. Additionally, he says not all the ideas and information he has is false. He makes an excuse that, for the opinions that he is not certain with, he will not touch on them. This gives a loophole for doubt and uncertainty. To assess which opinions are not certain would be a tedious jo b; therefore, he will not go through

International Business Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

International Business - Research Paper Example ates and sold domestically. Furthermore, it is the hope of this author that by elaborating upon the fundamental decision-making structure that must be engaged with in order for such a choice to be made logically, the reader will come to a more full and complete appreciation for the many factors that take place prior to affirm determining what particular strategy and means of operation it will pursue. Finally, the analysis will seek to take a definitive stance with regards to whether making or buying a product is the better approach. Before delving too deeply into the issue at hand, it should be understood that such a level of inquiry necessarily demands that the firm/business entity must engage in a cost-benefit analysis of outsourcing versus domestic production. However, although it may seem that this cost-benefit analysis is necessarily something that is simple, it involves a series of steps, several different measurements, and a thorough analysis of both compliments and inputs of production as well as projected levels of sale and/or import tariffs/taxes/duties (Kisner, 2003). Due to the general complexity of this decision-making process, many firms have engaged in electronic software systems that help to keep a running tabulation of all differentials involved. However, for purposes of this brief analysis, the reader should seek to integrate with the determinant costs and benefits based upon experience analytical and non-electronically facilitated process. From even a cursory review of the make versus buy argument, the reader should come to understand there are essentially for primal numbers that the analyst must be fundamentally aware of. These four determinants which must be measured prior to any consideration being given are as follows: the volume, the fixed cost of making, per-unit direct cost when making, and per-unit cost when buying (Whittle, 2012). Accordingly, the preceding analysis will seek to engage the reader with a more full and complete underst anding of why each of these four determinants must be fundamentally understood and appreciated prior to any actionable decision being made by the entity in question. Besides the obvious level of importance of the four specific values which have been listed an elaborate upon the above, their overall importance is more specifically with regards to their representation within two specific equations. Ultimately, as can be expected, these two equations are understood as â€Å"costs to buy was quote and â€Å"costs to make†; however, more often, these equations are merely referenced in terms of their respective acronyms – CTB/CTM. Respect to CTB, this can be defined as volume multiplied by per unit cost when buying (Zhu, 1997). Likewise, with relation to CTM, this can be understood as fixed unit costs plus per unit direct cost multiplied by volume. In and of themselves, the determinant compliments of these equations tell the producer/importer little if

Social dumping Essay Example for Free

Social dumping Essay The aim of the this assignment is to firstly define social dumping. This assignment however defines social dumping and looks at it from a type of social dumping, in this case outsourcing. It will look at the relationship between two countries, the developed United States that outsources to the developing India. The assignment found that American firms are outsourcing many of their jobs to India to reduce their organisational overheads in order to gain a profit. However it also found that domestically Americans are losing their jobs at a high rate of concern. Furthermore, although India is a leader in information technology, there education system is struggling to provide proficient English speakers that can deal with the firms clients. Another problem is the cost to maintain professional staff is  starting to increase, which could potentially affect the firm profits, and the likelihood of firms relocating from India a possibility. Recommendations for America are for government intervention, to control firms and curb the growing unemployment caused by outsourcing. For India, the recommendation is to invest in education and not rely on the short term profit. Social dumping can be described as a process where firms or manufacturers relocate from countries where the cost of production comprising of wages is considerably higher, and therefore shift the business to countries where these costs are significantly less. These businesses are not tied down to the country they operate in and are able to move their operations when they believe for instance that the cost of doing business in a host country has become too high. Therefore because the increase in cost would affect the multi-national companies profits, multinationals want to move where costs are lower. Hence they find themselves in a position where they have an unfair advantage over their host country, which is also a developing country. The unfair advantage comes from the developing country not wanting to lose an industry that creates employment for its people, and as a result multinational companies end up having the power to dictate how much employees get paid and their working conditions, in order to try and keep them from relocating. This potentially leads to an environment where developing countries begin to attract multinational companies to operate in their countries by having lower wages and less union participation.( Erickson and Sarosh 1994,28) Therefore this assignment will provide a comparative analysis of two countries where social dumping occurs. Social dumping takes a variety of forms but the one that this assignment will look at is outsourcing. Outsourcing can be categorized into three groups first, second and third generation outsourcing. The first category of outsourcing is determined by price and aims to decrease the workforce. The most important aim of this category is to cut costs. The outsourcing agreement is brief and involves allocated jobs, similar to a short term contracts in an attempt to reduce organisational costs. The second category was as a result of firms outsourcing essential processes that are key to the firm being able to  function, such as customer service and product design. This category of outsourcing came about as a result of changes in what customers wanted and the increased speed at which products lost their value, firms were forced to cut costs, make better products and decrease the time it took to get a finished product examples being motor vehicles and electronics. It is at this level that firms begun to not only operate where the initial business was set up, but started to operate in other countries, most importantly developing countries.(Lee, Mohamed and Ramayah(2010,319) The third and last category would appear to be determined by firm rivalry. Here the advantage that a firm would have over others would be its capacity to react swiftly to what their customers want and keep them happy. The firms advantage depends on its ability to be resourceful, creative be able to adjust rapidly. (Lee, Mohamed and Ramayah(2010,32) The two countries that will be looked at for a comparative analysis are the United States of America and India. They were chosen so as to understand how outsourcing affects both the developed and developing country, and in this case the two countries have a relationship because America the developed country, outsources to India the developing country. America will be the country looked at first with the aim of distinguishing the positive and negative aspects of outsourcing in the developed country undertaking the outsourcing. There seems to be a persistent occurrence in the American economy that its citizens have become accustomed to, and it is the unbelievable speed that employment is being lost to foreign workers. Market and political analysts believe that the loss of employment will not only intensify, but also worsen. They believe that approximately 14 million professional jobs and roughly one in nine occupations in all areas of employment could be affected by outsourcing. Occupations with considerably higher wages are also affected. A report that was released in 2004 forecast that 3.5 million professional jobs and 151 billion worth of wages would be lost to foreigners. Countless jobs in numerous areas are affected and these include legal services, accounting and call centre operation to mention a few. Forecasts are that employment in the areas of banking and securities will also be affected with approximately 2.3 million occupations lost to foreigners.( Hira and Hira 2005,2) Firms in the United States are passionately accepting the relocation of jobs to other countries. Individuals in managerial positions are currently been instructed to outsource in order to maintain their positions. Numerous firms have begun to engage in the practice of coercing their employees to teach foreign staff how to do their jobs, which effectively results in them taking their jobs. The American employee is then released from employment after they have transferred their work experience. Another type of firm that has started to outsource in America are venture capital firms. These are companies that may show potential but at the same time are very risky. Their relation to the American economy is that they happen to contribute to the economy by producing a small amount of employment. They are inclined to invest in innovative technological or biotechnological business. However the question is can America remain one of the leaders in technological advancements if venture capital firms are starting to outsource. (Hira and Hira 2005,2) Another issue that could possibly be a problem is that overseas labour is cheap. This may be one of the main reasons that outsourcing has progressed so quickly and changed the working environment. Furthermore because developing countries have enormous amounts of uneducated labour, they can be paid less than American workers. Additionally, developing countries such as India are paid 20 per cent less in comparison to their American workers and the likelihood of income being equal could take decades. This means that because there is so much unskilled labour in developing countries, and the labour is so far behind American firms, in the pursuit to cut costs and make a profit, American firms are purposefully doing away with their own domestic labour, which could have negative potential consequences for them in the future too. Whats more, other developing countries are keen to reproduce Indias achievements of being able to essentially take American jobs. (Hira and Hira 2005,3) The truth of the matter is the U.S has already begun to lose its competitive advantage, and it is only a matter of time before it is totally surpassed in being a leader in technological advancement as many Asian countries such as Japan and Korea progress. The dilemma now for the U.S is that a phobia has developed by potential students to enter technological fields as there is a concern that their employment in this area is not guaranteed. This offcourse  jeopardizes its technological ability to advance. In addition theres a possibility that technological jobs will transfer to India and China with many countries entering the field to compete for these jobs too. As for American workers that have lost their jobs, their ability to find work is not very good, as figures approximate that one in three cannot find work after losing their job. A number of domestic workers that had work in manufacturing lost their jobs to outsourcing, retrained and obtained employment in information technology. There is every likelihood that they will lose these jobs too. (Hira and Hira 2005,5) The other country that will now be looked at is India. As of 1990 India had outsourced companies that did the repetitive, boring work which included understanding the mechanics of how software worked, as this was overlooked by their fellow compatriots in America. The scenario changed as India got an unintended helping hand when wariness of software collapse in the name of Y2k meant that India was the go to country in regards to software expertise. The U.S had a increasing need for skilled labour in the form of information technology experts, which India had, to fill the lack of IT staff in the 90s in America. At the time, America was willing to accept professional IT foreign staff, especially from India to solve their problem. This was the beginning of the first category of outsourcing illustrated in the second paragraph of this paper where overheads are reduced to lower organisational costs. In this case day to day allocated jobs such as payroll and the keeping of records begun to be outsourced to India by American firms ( Ignatius 2004, 1022) Presently occupations being outsourced to India cover an extensive area from debt collection and accounting to call centres. Oddly, Indians who immigrated to America lured by the high paying employment of the IT boom are now themselves like the Americans faced with having to accept a decrease in their pay or even lose their employment all together, as their occupations are outsourced to India. ( Ignatius 2004, 1023) There are numerous industries that have been outsourced to India but the one that will be focused on is the service industry of call centres. A concern  that is brought up is the increasing turnover of staff particularly in call centres. The yearly turnover which is estimated to be 50 per cent has not excluded long standing, well known firms who attract staff by providing not only providing housing but the opportunity to invest in the firm. In spite of this the turnover remains high, as a result of the strain and pressure of staff being overworked. Another reason though is that competing firms are offering increased pay. The high turnover would also suggest that there are more employment opportunities in India and not enough of the right people to do the job. There appears to be an emerging dilemma of India to produce enough proficient English speaking professionals, as this amount lags way behind even though an estimated million students graduate. All firms especially those requiring highly specialised labor such as engineers will insist on employing those with proficient English. One of the main reasons for proficient English including call centres is that even though the firms have outsourced, their clients still need to communicate to them, and a problem is the increased communication barrier between the Indians and the firms clients in America. Another difficulty comes when firms cannot fulfill their English speaking requirement for employment because the number of people with these skills is not enough. Furthermore in order to get more proficient and professional English speakers would require not only investment but also a lot of time to. What has begun to happen is within India itself business have emerged with the goal of providing labour regardless of quality at a lower price. The challenge for firms will be whether to continue to demand for quality or cut costs. The trouble with cutting costs is that firms could begin to lose clients because of the communication barrier. Another concern is that as demand for highly proficient professionals increases, so does the cost in order to attract and keep them. If the cost of doing business in India were to rise, there is a chance that firms could possibly start to think about relocating to another location with cheaper labour and at the same time no language barrier. ( Ignatius 2004, 1024) In the case of United states it would be recommended that the government gets involved and not allow multi-national companies govern the policy. Peoples lives are at stake and these firms are only interested in profit at the end  of the day. It is not in Americas best interests to give away their jobs, when unemployment is high and people have no jobs. Just as in the global financial crisis when banks and lending institutions activities were not monitored and checked, this is a potential catastrophe waiting to happen.( Hira and Hira 2005,2) It would be recommended that India for their own benefit start to invest in education. It had progressed well and at one time was the information technology leader, however the failure to reinvest in to education for quick profit has pushed their progress back. ( Ignatius 2004, 1024) In conclusion outsourcing though on the surface would appear to be beneficial to both the developed, United States and the developing country India, it can be said that there are a lot more negative ramifications that outweigh the good. In the case of the United States multinational companies have relocated to less developed countries in the pursuit to reduce their organisational overhead costs, resulting in a profit for them. (Hira and Hira 2005,3) However the problem for this developed country is that in the process of outsourcing, they have lost their jobs, one of the tools that allows their economy to function and grow as with no jobs comes less production, which eventually could lead to increased problems to their already troubled economy. (Hira and Hira 2005,19) In the case of India outsourcing has been both positive and negative. It has been positive because many in the huge population have been able to obtain employment and learn skills. However it has also has also highlighted the gap that exists in the education sector due to Indias inability to invest in education, and instead opted to gain short term profit.( Ignatius 2004, 1024) BIBLIOGRAPHY Chow Lee, Jason Wai, Osman Mohamad, and T. Ramayah. 2010. Outsourcing: Is the Social Exchange Theory Still Relevant in Developing Countries? Journal of Research in Interactive Marketing 4 (4): 316-345. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/17505931011092826. http://search.proquest.com/docview/761523873?accountid=10382. View as multi-pages

Capital Punishment :: essays research papers

Capital Punishment What type of society kills its own people? The American culture’s morals have accepted the death penalty as a reasonable punishment. However, who gives us the power to determine when someone’s life should end. People who murder others should be punished and pay the price of their crime, but not killed. Our society feels so strongly that murder is wrong and criminals should be killed. In actuality, we are committing the same horrid deed. Capital punishment is wrong for many reasons. Several states in our country have adopted the death penalty as a reasonable act. However, there has been no dramatic decline in violence among these states and others. Proving capital punishment does not deter crime. People are still killing and committing other horrible acts of crime. Another reasons the he death penalty is wrong is that it does not prove to be an effective punishment. Some criminals may look as dying as a way out. They would rather die than spend the res t of their lives in prison. Also it does not provide peace, justice, or happiness for a victim or their family. Robert Willies raped Debbie Morris and was later killed by lethal injection. Debbie Morris found no peace in Willies death. â€Å"Justice didn’t do anything to heal me. Forgiveness did.† (â€Å"Dad Man Walking: The Victim Who Survived† Debbie Morris and Gregg Lewis) A death of a criminal will not erase the past or make a victim’s life complete. Another negative of capital punishment is the high cost. Many dollars are spent during the legal cases and for things such as providing witnesses. Many people who are for the death penalty believe it costs more money to house a criminal in jail. That is wrong, if we can abolish the luxuries many inmates have, the cost is not as high. That way, a prisoner will the way he should live. Above all, capital punishment is morally wrong. A society that is so rich and powerful should not kill each other. We have n ot been given the power to kill someone.

Review of Psychology and Christianity 5 Views

Assessment 1 Assessment 1 What does psychology have to do with the Christian faith? In Psychology and Christianity: Five Views, by Myers, Jones, Roberts, Watson, Coe, Hall, and Powlison (2010) is an introductory textbook for Christian psychology that provides sound arguments for an array of positions on psychology and faith. Each author contributed an essay and in return the other essayist respond by either agreeing or disagreeing by pointing out faults and explaining why. The first position by David G.Myers titled, â€Å"A-Levels-of-Explanation View,† who is a psychological scientist who supports that Christian theology and psychology are two very distinct disciplines, but they do share similar goals. Myers defines psychology as, â€Å"the science of behavior and mental processes† (2010, pg. 49) and that over time different variations of this definition have agreed that psychology is a science. By having curiosity and humility we should seek out to test each other†™s ideas. He has high regards towards empirical psychological research that it can reveal about a person’s personality, behavior, attitudes, relationships and more.He also confirms that psychology can affirm aspects of Christian faith, for example psychological science supports family values, and that at time psychological science might cause us to change our view on Christian theology and interpretations of scripture. Myers admits that he has changed his stance on homosexuals, as there is more research on psychological findings and genetic research. He concludes that, â€Å"sexual orientation is a natural disposition, not a voluntary moral choice† (2010, pg. 72). Secondly, Stanton L.Jones writes about, â€Å"An Integration View,† where psychology and Christianity should be intertwined with each other. He believes that science is a tool that God uses as an instrument of revelation. Although Jones upholds that scripture determines the foundational beliefs and u nderstanding of Christians, it does not provide us with the full knowledge of understanding humans. Throughout Jones view, he emphasizes the importance of â€Å"a thoughtful Christian appreciation for science† (144) and as Christians we should be able to engage with secular psychology, but he also acknowledges this engagement has its limits.Furthermore, Jones uses homosexuality, like Myers, as a test case, but is very clear on what scripture says about this behavior and does not let data change his mind on this topic since the Authority of Scripture cannot be mistaken. The Christian Psychology view by Roberts and Watson, have a more historical and philosophical approach. They do not deny modern psychology, but argue that psychology has been around for the past 2500 years. For example, he brings up issues relevant today with the Sermon on the Mount instead of the science offered by todays establish psychologist.Roberts and Watson also claim that Christian psychologist should a pproach psychology with the bases of the Christian tradition. â€Å"Christians must approach the subject matter of humanity embracing what God has told us about what it mean to be fully human first; that then is our framework for engaging psychology as a social science† (p. 183). Roberts and Watson purpose a two-stage method: â€Å"to first appropriate the resources of the rich, Christian psychological tradition, and then to employ it in the advance of empirical science and applied science† (p. 184).This is how a Christian understanding of the person can come to hypotheses that can be tested, therefore advancing our comprehension on humans. Lastly, the Biblical Counseling Model, by Powlison opens up his view with, â€Å"Christian faith is a psychology† and that â€Å"Christian ministry is a psychotherapy† (p. 245). He uses these terms differently when compared to modern psychologist.. He further illustrates that psychology can be categorized into six line s (Psych-1 to Psych-6): the raw experiences of life, organized knowledge, interpretive and explanatory models, psychotherapy, institutional and professional arrangements and the ethos of culture.He goes on and uses these terms with numerous biblical themes by providing a test case. Powlison is more interested in assisting the individual using biblical insights to better understand. I found that Stanton L. Jones, An Integration View, was the most persuasive for me. He emphasizes that if we Christians believe that Jesus Christ is Savior and Lord of all and that there is no life outside of the scope of his sovereignty. An integrationist view believes the Christian psychologist should draw on the resource of God’s answers to these ultimate questions as the foundation both for how we engage the science of psychology and how we structure our practice in the profession of psychology† (p. 101). I also strongly agree with him that our human experiences should be based on scriptu re, but he also acknowledges that Scripture alone could provide every aspect for understanding people as well as their problems and solutions. He also argues that the Christian faith â€Å"can and should relate to science in general and psychological science in particular† (p. 06). He emphasizes that if Christian psychologist focus more on the Bible and Christian theology, it will help shape their work because they will embrace biblical truth and theological principals. Jones also argues not just for the Christian faith in psychology, but for the science as well. â€Å"Because by his sovereign choice, God’s acting and speech are limited. Further, he has created humans as rational beings capable of knowing more and more about reality around them through the exercise of their reason and curiosity† (p. 10). Therefore we should integrate the discipline of psychology with one’s commitment to Scripture to shape their work. Although I agreed with most of what My ers argued for, I strongly disagreed with his view on sexual orientation. He professes that he is a Christian who reads the word, spends time with the Lord daily, but also confesses that over time data has swayed him to change his mind and now believes that â€Å"sexual orientation (most clearly for males) is a natural disposition, not a voluntary moral choice† (p. 73).I believe that Scripture has clearly stated what is right and wrong in our sexual lives. Myers also states that, â€Å"our assumptions and beliefs always shape our approaches to science† (p. 81). Since Myers is heavily influenced by science, this has led him to change his moral views on sexual orientation, therefore, ignoring the moral aspect that biblical teaching that the act of homosexuality is immoral and is a disorientation of what God meant for human life. I thoroughly enjoyed learning and reading the four out five views in this book.It has made me acknowledge that I need to spend more time in theo logy and in the word in order to better grasp the understanding of people. By doing so I hope to become not only more knowledgeable in the area of psychology, but a better servant for Christ. References Myers, D. G. , Jones, S. L. , Roberts, R. C. , Watson, P. J. , Coe, J. H. , Hall, T. W. , Powlison, D. (2010). Psychology and Christianity five views. E. L. Johnson (2nd ed. ). Downers, IL: InterVarsity Press.

How does John Boyne use the character of Shmuel to show the suffering of Jewish people under the Nazis? Essay

There are many quotes in the book ‘The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas’ that show how the Jews were treated under Nazi control, through Bruno’s friend from the other side of the fence. However, the author does this in a clever and unique way; through his clothes. An example of this is found on page one hundred and six in chapter ten, where Shmuel â€Å"wore the same striped pyjamas that all the other people on that side of the fence wore, and a striped clothed cap on his head. † This tells the reader that he is not seen as an individual at the concentration camp, but as part of a group with no personal identity as he is identical to everyone else. John Boyne then goes on to say â€Å"He wasn’t wearing any shoes or socks and his feet were rather dirty. On his arm he wore an armband with a star on it. †, hinting that Shmuel is spending this period of his life in poor conditions due to the fact that he is a Jew. The reader isn’t only informed of his religion from the concentration camp, but also because he is wearing the Star of David, which identifies himfromotherfaiths. In chapter nineteen on page two hundred and five, Bruno planned to join his friend on the other side of the fence before going home to Berlin. However, before he had a chance to crawl under the fence, Shmuel â€Å"pointed at Bruno’s feet and the heavy boots he had taken from the house. â€Å"You’ll have to leave them behind too,† he said. † Although at first this simply reveals that Shmuel isn’t allowed to wear any footwear, it also shows that the Jews have no choice in what to wear, which leads the reader to believe they have no choice in anything they do at all and they are under control. This also creates an aspect of sympathy as the reader wishes to help the innocent mistreated victims when all that separates them and Bruno, who has a wonderful life, is a fence. The final most important thing that we learn about the Jews in the novel from the moment we meet Schmuel is how much their lives have changed due to their faith and how it affects them. This is shown on page one hundred and twenty seven where Bruno is told by his friend that every time him, his family and his Mother â€Å"left the house, she told us we had to wear one of these armbands. † The reader can see how big of a deal being Jewish was at the time, even before he arrived at the camp, and how the people of the religion couldn’t live a normal life like everyone else. It shows how he was forced to show who he was and wasn’t able to be seen in public without labelling himself for everyone to see, as if being different was something to be ashamed of. It also tells the story of why he has been taken to the concentration camp as we know what the armband was for, whereas Shmuel does not. When Bruno first saw Shmuel he was looking down into the dirt in total solitude and Bruno even states that he ‘had never seen a skinnier or sadder boy in his life. ’ You can also tell that he is a very ill, the quote ‘ his skin was almost the colour of grey’ tells us that the Jews receive little food from the camp explaining his needs for food later on in the book and that he may have been kept in dark,crowded areas. Grey is also known to be associated with near-death or depression adding to his negative appearance. We also learn that he is a very scared indiviual as thoughout the book he shows fear towards the soilders especially Lieutenant Kolter from quotes such as ‘there aren’t any good soliders’ and ‘if they catch me I’ll be in trouble’ showing that the Jews must be treated terribly by the soldiers even resulting in some of the bruises recived by Schmuel mentioned in the book. The one quote that I liked was the hope that Shmuel had of getting out one day. This was on page 179,chapter 16 after Bruno had said about playing or exploring, and he’s never had a friend that he hasn’t played with before. Shmuel then said â€Å"maybe someday we will, if they ever let us out† which I thought brought a sense of pity on Shmuel from a reader’s point of view, as he and the rest of the Jews, are still hoping that one day they will let him out or they’ll be able to get out. At the time this must have been really difficult to keep thinking, because of the way they treated all the people on that side of the fence. But that was maybe one of the things that helped them pass the time, thinking about being let out, and living with their family again and seeing some old friends.

policing the arts essays

policing the arts essays Should the Government Police the Arts Originally, when the question of the Government policing art was posed I was quite ambivalent concerning my position. I felt indecisive; on one hand I support the idea of freedom of speech, yet on the other I am against promoting outright pornography to the world. When you address censorship you must examine not only the artists right to freedom of speech, but also the rights of others to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. I feel it is unfortunate that we have come to regard many differing things as art, for instance people handing out money on a street corner. As well as silly acts or objects that some people pass off as art, it seems they feel they can do anything, no matter how silly, and be protected from censorship by calling it art. Admittedly, I enjoy looking at a discreet nude photograph, and feel that people should have access to whatever material they wish within the confines of their private homes. Even though others may deem it "pornography", and con demn them their private thoughts. The photographs I am referring to are displayed in Mapplethorpe's "X-Portfolio". Among other things, they portray one man's arm inserted into anothers rectum; a man urinating into another's mouth; a finger inserted into a penis; and a self-portrait of a whip inserted in his anus. This is not the type of art most would prefer to see displayed at a public library. Without some form policing or involvement by the government our young people will get the impression that there types of activities are morally correct. Although this type of art is not in line with my own personal taste, I do feel that it should be acknowledged as an artful expression. Mapplethorpe is merely expressing himself as an individual. Regardless of how strange some may believe his photos to be, they must not be allowed to take away his freedom of expression. In essence, what I am not saying is that...

The decision to terminally wean a critically ill patient Article

The decision to terminally wean a critically ill patient - Article Example Nursing, as well as the other aspects of the medical profession, is one of the most demanding of tasks, requiring as much skill as an admirable character. Nursing care is directed towards the essential and comprehensive needs of the patient, as well as the needs of their families during the entire course of the medical treatment. This is especially important during the difficult times of passing away of the patient, where the role of the nurse is to relieve the symptoms and suffering associated with the process of dying, as well as the emotional burden that the family is left to cope with. "The nurse should provide interventions to relieve pain and other symptoms in the dying patient even when those interventions entail risk of hastening death. However, nurses may not act with the sole intent of ending a patient's life even though such action may be motivated to by compassion, respect for patient autonomy and quality of life considerations"1. First, it is important to understand that the terminally ill patients, no matter of their illness, are divided into 2 main groups. The first group is the patients capable of communicating with the environment and therefore are capable to make conscious decisions about their future treatment and medical care. The second are those that are unconscious, in particular those who are on life support systems. Both conscious and unconscious patients receive pain control medications to ease their suffering. Pain control is one of the basic treatments given to terminally ill patients. It relieves the physical, as well as the emotional stress of the family. According to latest protocols administrating the pain control medications begins with you examining patients' or the families' attitude toward pain control, and then toward a specific preferred assessment tool. You also need to perform a comprehensive pain assessment by reviewing pathophysiologic or psychological causes of pain. Don't forge t to asses the patients' response after an hour of administrating the analgesic. Also, immediately inform the doctor when the pain control regiment has reached the maximum limit, or there are sighs of adverse reactions. It is also important to explain to the patient (if possible) and his family that everyone has individual pain response to illness, and that pain control is important to proper medical care. Never to forget to review the pain medications' side effects. "Withdrawing ongoing life support is a dreaded but necessary therapeutic maneuver when life-supporting devices have become hindrances rather than benefits"2. Pain control medications are still administered to ease the passing of the patient. There are 2 methods of removal: terminal weaning in which the endotracheal tube is left in place as ventilation support is slowly withdrawn, and terminal extubation in which the endotracheal tube is abruptly removed and the patient is suddenly without ventilation support. Most doctors and medical personnel believe that "terminal weaning is the most desirable mode for both ergonomic and physiologic reasons. The continued

Krugman gives cautionary advice against the goverment policies warning Essay

Krugman gives cautionary advice against the goverment policies warning if there is no change the american drean will perish - Essay Example The constant fear of war and the possession of people and their believe in themselves found the claims leveled on the country of how it reflected the presence of the works. In the claims, the leftist holds information that if not dispensed would look at it as social problem. The principles of hard work define the principle. The inclination of her job with her life and the understanding of the America that was compared with the America that has become. A reduction in social mobility provides better grounds for us to make a move as accompany to consider the employees that it wants to help it achieve the objectives. A research activity aimed at finding out the reasons and the effects that the authorities will face for the elimination of each person involved and the inclusion of some people at the American Dream. The details of these all clearly follow in the summary below: â€Å"Our political leaders are doing everything they can try to fortify class inequality while denouncing anyone who complains or even points out what is happening as a practitioner am mature in relations and we should see his face†(Krugman, p1). The actions of our leaders have for years aimed at serving the interests of the people that fund their political ambitions. The funding is provided with strings attached relationships that many have suffered. The inclusion of many people in the gap for checking the inequality gap proves the point. The fact that a large number of people still lie un aided throughout these tough times makes the American Dream an image that the writer or the country cannot find easy to put across to its citizens that have sacrificed for years to work hard to keep the American Dream. The thoughts of an unachieved dream make each person reason towards the elimination of the dream or the elimination of some people from the pathway. That way the dream remains on truck and easy to manage. Aspects of income distribution all brought to thought after the